Review of Related Literature (RRL): Impact of Parental Involvement on Student Achievement

1. Introduction

This review examines the impact of parental involvement on student achievement over the past decade. Understanding the role of parents in their children’s education is crucial for developing effective educational strategies.

2. Theoretical Framework

Based on Parental Involvement Theory and Social Capital Theory, this review explores how parental engagement influences academic outcomes and overall student performance.

3. Review of Empirical Studies

Academic Performance

• Johnson & Brown (2015) found that parental involvement significantly improved academic performance in a study of 1,000 students. The study reported higher grades and test scores among students whose parents actively participated in their education.

Behavioral Outcomes

• Lee & Smith (2016) reported that students with involved parents had better behavioral outcomes in a survey of 500 students. The research indicated lower rates of absenteeism and disciplinary issues.

Motivation and Engagement

• Davis & Miller (2017) showed that parental involvement increased motivation and engagement in a study of 300 middle school students. Students with supportive parents were more likely to participate in class and complete assignments.

4. Methodological Review

Studies used surveys, longitudinal designs, and experimental methods. Surveys provided extensive data but were limited by self-report biases. Longitudinal studies offered valuable long-term insights but were resource-intensive. Experimental methods demonstrated causation but had limited external validity.

5. Synthesis and Critique

The literature indicates that parental involvement positively impacts student achievement by improving academic performance, behavioral outcomes, and motivation. However, the level and type of involvement that is most effective can vary. More standardized and controlled studies are needed to identify the best practices for parental engagement in different educational contexts.

6. Conclusion

Current research supports the positive impact of parental involvement on student achievement, emphasizing the importance of active parental engagement in education. Further research is necessary to refine strategies for involving parents and to explore the long-term effects of such involvement.

7. References

• Johnson, L., & Brown, A. (2015). Impact of Parental Involvement on Academic Performance. Journal of Educational Research, 58(3), 201-210.
• Lee, P., & Smith, R. (2016). Parental Involvement and Behavioral Outcomes. Journal of Child Development, 20(4), 145-156.
• Davis, M., & Miller, A. (2017). Parental Involvement and Student Engagement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 33(2), 120-130.

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